A forgery charge can carry serious consequences for your record, your reputation, and your future. In California, forgery allegations often arise in cases involving checks, money orders, contracts, signatures, title documents, or other financial and property-related records. These accusations may be filed on their own or alongside other fraud-related charges, making it especially important to understand the exact conduct alleged and the defenses that may be available.
At the Law Office of H. Charles Gorian, we understand that forgery cases often turn on issues of intent, identity, and proof. In many situations, the most important question is not whether a document exists, but whether the prosecution can actually prove that the accused acted with intent to defraud as required by law. Our office provides strategic, one-on-one forgery defense representation tailored to the facts of your case.
What Is Forgery Under California Law?
California Penal Code section 470 defines forgery broadly. Depending on the subsection involved, forgery may include:
- signing another person’s name, or a fictitious person’s name, without authority and with intent to defraud
- counterfeiting or forging another person’s seal or handwriting
- altering, corrupting, or falsifying certain official records
- falsely making, altering, forging, counterfeiting, passing, attempting to pass, or offering to pass certain listed financial or property-related instruments, knowing they are false and acting with intent to defraud
The statute lists many examples of documents and instruments that may be involved, including checks, bonds, cashier’s checks, traveler’s checks, money orders, contracts, receipts, promissory notes, lottery tickets, deeds, powers of attorney, and certain ownership documents. Because the law covers many different acts, no two forgery cases are exactly alike. The exact allegations, the type of document involved, and the surrounding facts can all affect how the case is charged and defended. This is an inference from the breadth of section 470’s listed conduct and instruments.
Is Forgery a Misdemeanor or a Felony?
Forgery can be punished more than one way under California law.
Under Penal Code section 473(a), forgery is generally punishable by:
- up to one year in county jail
- or imprisonment under Penal Code section 1170(h)
However, Penal Code section 473(b) creates an important limitation for certain lower-value instruments. If the forgery involves a check, bond, bank bill, note, cashier’s check, traveler’s check, or money order worth $950 or less, the offense is generally punishable only by up to one year in county jail, unless the person has certain listed prior convictions or is also convicted of identity theft.

Because of these distinctions, the exact document involved and its value may matter a great deal in determining the potential exposure in the case.
Common Defenses to Forgery Charges
Every forgery case depends on the facts. In many situations, the strongest defense is that the prosecution cannot prove the required intent to defraud. Possible defenses may include:
- lack of intent to defraud
- false accusation or mistaken identity
- insufficient evidence that the defendant created, altered, signed, or passed the document
- lack of knowledge that the document was false
- coerced or unreliable statements
- unlawful search or seizure, depending on how the evidence was obtained
These are common defense themes in forgery cases; they are not all spelled out in section 470 itself. The statute does, however, make clear that intent to defraud is central to many forgery allegations.
Speak with a Forgery Defense Attorney in Murrieta
If you have been accused of forgery in Murrieta or elsewhere in Riverside County, it is important to take the charge seriously and seek legal guidance as early as possible. A careful review of the documents, witness statements, and surrounding circumstances may reveal important weaknesses in the prosecution’s case.
The Law Office of H. Charles Gorian represents clients throughout Murrieta, Temecula, Riverside County and San Bernardino County. Call (951) 395-0511 today for a free and confidential consultation.
